Sprains and strains

Screening and diagnosis

With both sprains and strains, the discomfort in the area is the key to diagnosis. Examination may reveal swelling, bleeding in the joint or muscle, and tenderness. Your doctor may order an X-ray to rule out a fracture or other bone injury as the source of the problem.

Treatment

Treating a sprain or strain depends on the severity of the injury. For mild sprains and strains, your doctor likely will recommend basic self-care measures and an over-the-counter pain reliever such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) or acetaminophen (Tylenol, others).

In cases of a mild or moderate sprain or strain, apply ice to the area as soon as possible to minimize swelling. In cases of severe sprain or strain, your doctor may immobilize the area with a brace or splint. Rarely, surgery may be considered.