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Prolactinoma
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DIABETES
AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Endocrine System Prolactinoma is a condition in which a
noncancerous tumor (adenoma) in the pituitary gland in your brain
overproduces the hormone prolactin. The major effect of increased
prolactin is a decrease in normal levels of sex hormones — estrogen in
women and testosterone in men. Although prolactinoma isn't
life-threatening, it can cause vision impairment, infertility and other
effects. Prolactinoma is one of several types of tumors that can develop
in your pituitary gland. Some pituitary tumors may produce hormones in
excess (functioning pituitary tumors), but most don't (nonfunctioning
pituitary tumors). The pituitary gland is a small
bean-shaped gland located at the base of your brain. Despite its small
size, the pituitary gland influences nearly every part of your body. Its
hormones help regulate important functions such as growth, blood
pressure and reproduction. Doctors often are able to effectively
treat prolactinoma with medications to restore your prolactin level to
normal. Surgery to remove the pituitary tumor also may be an option.
Complications
Particularly in women, prolactinoma can lead to other medical problems,
such as:
Bone loss
(osteoporosis).
Too much prolactin can reduce production of the hormone estrogen,
resulting in decreased bone density and increasing your risk of
osteoporosis.
Pregnancy
complications.
During a normal pregnancy, a woman's pituitary gland enlarges and
prolactin production increases. A woman who has prolactinoma and
becomes pregnant may experience additional pituitary growth and
associated symptoms, such as headaches, changes in vision, nausea,
vomiting, excessive thirst or urination, and extreme fatigue. If you
have prolactinoma and wish to become or are pregnant, discuss the
situation with your doctor so that you can be closely monitored.
Prolactinoma
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