An intracranial hematoma occurs when a blood vessel - either an artery or a vein - ruptures between your skull and your brain. Blood then leaks between your brain and your skull. Although head injuries can be minor, an intracranial hematoma is a serious and possibly life-threatening condition often requiring immediate treatment.

Your brain floats within your skull and is surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid, which cushions it from the light bounces of everyday movement. But the fluid may not be able to absorb the force of a sudden blow or a quick stop. In these situations, your brain may slide forcefully against the inner wall of your skull and become bruised.

An intracranial hematoma occurs when a blood vessel - either an artery or a vein - ruptures between your skull and your brain. Blood then leaks between your brain and your skull. The collection of blood (hematoma), possibly clotted, compresses brain tissue.

Treating hematomas usually requires surgery to remove the blood. However, smaller hematomas may not require removal of the blood.

Treatment

Treating hematomas usually requires surgery. If the blood is localized and liquid, your doctor may create a hole through your skull (perforation) and then remove the liquid by suction. Large hematomas may require that a section of your skull be opened (craniotomy) to remove the blood. Some subdural hematomas are small, produce no signs or symptoms, and don't need removal.

Intensive care includes various medications such as corticosteroids and diuretics to control brain swelling (edema) caused by other fluids accumulating after a head injury.

After surgery, your doctor may prescribe anticonvulsant drugs, such as phenytoin (Dilantin), to control or prevent post-traumatic seizures. Seizures can begin as late as 24 months after the trauma. Amnesia, giddiness, attention difficulties, anxiety and headache may occur and continue for some time.

• Anxiety

• Headache